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ackground: Lumbar pedicle screw fixation is the gold-standard surgical technique for posterior three-column spinal stabilization. It is indicated for mechanical instability and structural deformity resulting from degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, spinal trauma, infections, and neoplasms. Technique: The procedure involves traversing the pedicular corridor to anchor screws into the anterior vertebral body, achieving rigid three-dimensional purchase. Bilateral screw heads are interconnected with contoured rods to restore lordosis, resist translational forces, and facilitate solid bony arthrodesis—often augmented by interbody cages (e.g., PLIF, TLIF). Fluoroscopic guidance, computer-assisted navigation, and robotic systems are standardly deployed to maximize trajectory precision.